The harmful compound is Methane (CH4), formed by one atom of Carbon and four atoms of Hydrogen. Methane is formed by a covalent bond. Hydrogen has one valence electron while Carbon has four valence electron. For a Hydrogen atom to be stable, it needs one more valence electron. Carbon needs four more valence electrons to become stable. As Methane consists of four Hydrogen atoms and one Carbon atom, a covalent bond is formed.
Carbon is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the symbol H. With an average atomic weight of 1.0079, hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant chemical element, constituting roughly 75 % of the Universe's chemical elemental mass. Methane is a relatively potent greenhouse gas. Compared with carbon dioxide, it has a high global warming potential of 72 (more harmful than CO2 as a greenhouse gas). Methane is not toxic; however, it is highly flammable and may form explosive mixtures with air. Methane is also an asphyxiant and may displace oxygen in an enclosed space. Asphyxia may result if the oxygen concentration is reduced to below 19.5% by displacement.
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